A reader sent in a question about her Health Savings Account that she has with a former employer. The problem is that the fees are costing her more each period than she is earning in interest. Slowly, but surely, the account is losing value. Here is her question:
I have an HSA that I started a former employer. It is a Health care Savings Account, not a Flex Spending account. Basically, it works almost the same as a 401K with most of the same rules and penalties.
My dilemma is this: I have about $2000 in the account. I’m earning about $7 interest on that each period, but paying about $12 in maintenance fees, so the money is slowly disappearing. Since I’m no longer at that employer, I cannot make contributions to the account, and obviously, my former employer is no longer making their contributions.
What should I do with this money? As far as I can tell, I cannot roll it over into a 401K or IRA. If I withdraw it, I’m stuck with the 10% early withdrawal penalty and I’ll have to pay taxes on it, which will eat up half the balance.
I can use the money to pay for any kind of medical or health expense, including massages, health club memberships, acupuncture, doctor visits, dental appointments, etc. But, I’m healthy and don’t really have medical expenses at this time outside of routine checkups. Let’s hope it stays that way.
Thanks, NM
Hi, NM, thanks for writing in. As you mentioned, the Health Savings Account (HSA) is a tax advantaged medical savings account that gives owners certain tax benefits. Before we answer your question about HSA fees, let’s cover a couple important aspects of the HSA, which will help answer your question and potential reader questions.
What is an HSA?
In some ways, an HSA is similar to a tax deferred retirement plan – HSA holders contribute pre-tax money into the HSA and withdrawals must be made under certain circumstances or they are hit with early withdrawal penalties similar to early withdrawal penalties for retirement plans. HSA contributions may be invested in the same manner as an IRA is invested, giving your HSA the opportunity to gain value over time. Like investing with an IRA, HSA plan owners control where and how the HSA funds are invested. Withdrawing money from your HSA is different from withdrawing money from a retirement plan because HSA withdrawals that are made for qualified medical expenses are tax free – giving you much more bang for your buck.
Who can have an HSA?
To open a Health Savings Account, you must be enrolled in a qualified High Deductible Health Plan (HDHP), which is a type of health plan that has a higher deductible than common health care plans and has a maximum out of pocket limit. It is important to note that to be able to use your HSA, you may not have any other form of health insurance (other than vision or dental).*
Where can you get an HSA?
People can sign up for Health Savings Accounts with banks, credit unions, insurance companies, and other approved HSA trustees or custodians. Some employers also set up a HSA plans for their employees.
How much does an HSA cost?
Ahh, here is the kicker – the HSA itself is not something that is purchased; it is a savings account that you may contribute to on a tax-preferred basis. Any fees are the fees imposed by the HSA trustee or custodian. This is where it is important to shop around when you are searching for an HSA trustee. If your employer sets up the HSA plan for their employees, then you may not have any say regarding your HSA custodial fees, but once your employment ends, you can transfer your HSA into another HSA.
Transferring an HSA
HSA account holders can only transfer their funds to another HSA account or withdraw the funds. There isn’t any other way to access your money. I recommend contacting a qualified HSA custodian for more details about doing an HSA rollover. All credit unions are automatically qualified to act as an HSA trustee or HSA custodian, so you may check with your local credit union for more details – just be sure to shop around for lower rates before transferring your funds.
Here is what some other members of the M-Network have to say about the HSA question:
Plonkee from Plonkee Money:
Well, you can rollover HSAs even if you are not otherwise eligible to contribute any more so you might want to investigate a cheaper provider, or investing it for the longer term – any IRA provider is deemed eligible by the IRS to be an HSA trustee, so there might be some choice for you.
The chances are that the money will come in useful for some health expenses further on down the road – you can use it for CORBA insurance payments, health care for your spouse, kids or other dependents (kids often have medical expenses), and to a certain extent long term care insurance.
If you withdraw the money you’re likely to pay several hundred dollars in taxes – it would take something like 8-10 years for the HSA to erode that much in value, even at the current rate of loss and including inflation. If you can’t find anywhere cheaper to put it, then you’ll need to make a judgment as to whether you can spend in the region of $200-$250 a year on qualified health expenses.
Paid Twice from I’ve Paid Twice for This Already:
As Plonkee mentioned, all I would do is move it to a different HSA account with less fees. I know my spouse’s work has a fee-free one, so plans with very low fees must exist. Check around your local area for insurance companies or credit unions that offer HSA plans. And then wait until you have a health care issue you need to pay for so you can use the contents of your HSA.
Patrick: NM, I think your best bet is to look for another HSA custodian. This will take a little work on your end, but it is likely much better than paying the early withdrawal fees of 10%, plus the taxes on your contributions. Good luck!
More HSA related information:
- Health Savings Accounts and Other Tax Favored Health Plans – PDF document from the IRS.
- HSA frequently asked questions – US Treasury.
- HSA – wikipediea.
* There are certain exceptions that one may have an HSA with another form of insurance, but they are out of the scope of this article. Please see the additional resources or contact a qualified health care or tax professional for more details.
What do you want to ask the M-Network? If you would like to participate in the “Ask the M-Network” feature, please send me a question via my contact page and I will submit it to our group. I’d like to remind you that it may not be possible to answer every question and none of use are financial professionals, so please consult with a professional before making any major financial decisions!
{ 3 comments… read them below or add one }
I would spend down the money on qualified expenses as quickly as possible. If you know you will spend $2000 this year on qualified items pull the entire amount out now to avoid fees and earmark it for the future expenses. As long as you incur the expenses in ‘09 you should be ok.
We are considering a Health Savings Account. Thanks for this informative post. We will use it as we evaluate our options.
I have to admit, I have never heard of such savings plans before.
In Canada, we have socialized medicine, so the cost (rarely) is an issue.